Full Reference List for The Breathing Cure for Better Sleep

Chapter 1

1. Benjafield, A. V., Ayas, N. T., Eastwood, P. R., Heinzer, R., Ip, M. S., Morrell, M. J., and Malhotra, A. (2019). Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based analysis. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 7(8), 687–698.
2. Inoue, A., Chiba, S., Matsuura, K., Osafune, H., Capasso, R., & Wada, K. (2019). Nasal function and CPAP compliance. Auris Nasus Larynx, 46(4), 548–558.
3. Borel, J. C., Tamisier, R., Dias-Domingos, S., Sapene, M., Martin, F., Stach, B., Grillet, Y., Muir, J. F., Levy, P., Series, F., Pepin, J. L., & Scientific Council of The Sleep Registry of the French Federation of Pneumology (OSFP) (2013). Type of mask may impact on continuous
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4. Labarca, G., Sands, S. A., Cohn, V., Demko, G., Vena, D., Messineo, L., Gell, L., Hess, L., White, D.P., Wellman, A., and Azarbarzin, A. 2022). Mouth closing to improve the efficacy of mandibular advancement devices in sleep apnea. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 19(7), 1185–1192.
5. Lee, Y. C., Lu, C. T., Cheng, W. N., and Li, H. Y. (2022). The impact of mouth-taping in mouth-breathers with mild obstructive sleep apnea: a preliminary study. Healthcare (Vol. 10, No. 9, p. 1755). MDPI.
6. Jordan, A. S., McSharry, D. G., and Malhotra, A. (2014). Adult obstructive sleep apnoea. The Lancet, 383(9918), 736–747.
7. Tuomilehto, H.P., Seppa, J.M., Partinen, M.M., Peltonen, M., Gylling, H., Tuomilehto, J.O., Vanninen, E.J., Kokkarinen, J., Sahlman, J.K., Martikainen, T. and Soini, E.J., 2009. Lifestyle intervention with weight reduction: first-line treatment in mild obstructive sleep apnea. American
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8. Abreu, R. R., Rocha, R. L., Lamounier, J. A., and Guerra, A. F. (2008). Etiology, clinical manifestations, and concurrent findings in mouth-breathing children. Jornal de Pediatria, 84(6), 529–535.
9. Felcar, J. M., Bueno, I. R., Massan, A. C. S., et. al., (2010). Prevalence of mouth breathing in children from an elementary school. Ciencia & Saude Coletiva, 15(2), 427.
10. Kharbanda, O. P., Sidhu, S. S., Sundaram, K. R., and Shukla, D. K. (2003). Oral habits in school going children of Delhi: a prevalence study. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 21(3), 120–124.
11. Lin, L., Zhao, T., Qin, D., Hua, F., and He, H. (2022). The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: A concise review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 929165.
12. Abreu, R. R., Rocha, R. L., Lamounier, J. A., and Guerra, A. F. (2008). Etiology, clinical manifestations, and concurrent findings in mouth-breathing children. Jornal de Pediatria, 84(6), 529–535.
13. Triana, B. E. G., Ali, A. H., and León, I. G. (2016). Mouth breathing and its relationship to some oral and medical conditions: physiopathological mechanisms involved. Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas, 15(2), 200–212.
14. Canuto, M. S. B., Moura, J. B. D., and Anjos, C. A. L. D. (2016). Feeding preference of mouth breathers of an elementary school. Revista CEFAC, 18, 811–817.

Chapter 2

1. CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 2013–2022. Percentage of adults not getting enough sleep, adjusted for age. Retrieved September 6, 2024, https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about/index.html.
2. Luckhaupt, S. E., Tak, S., & Calvert, G. M. (2010). The prevalence of short sleep duration by industry and occupation in the National Health Interview Survey. Sleep, 33(2), 149–159.
3. Shi, J., & Long, J. (2018). The relationship between sleep quality and occupational stress among Chinese workers. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 612.
4. Khan, R. (2018, February 1). Long working hours and less sleep: Are
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5. Welsh, D. T., Ellis, A. P., Christian, M. S., & Mai, K. M. (2014). Building a self-regulatory model of sleep deprivation and deception: the role of caffeine and social influence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99(6), 1268.
6. Barnes, C. M., Schaubroeck, J., Huth, M., & Ghumman, S. (2011). Lack of sleep and unethical conduct. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115(2), 169–180.
7. Bennett, R. J., & Robinson, S. L. (2000). Development of a measure of workplace deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(3), 349–360.
8. Glomb, T. M., Richman, W. L., Hulin, C. L., Drasgow, F., Schneider, K. T., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1997). Ambient sexual harassment: An integrated model of antecedents and consequences. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 71(3), 309–328.
9. Greenberg, J. (2002). Who stole the money, and when? Individual and situational determinants of employee theft. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 89(1), 985–1003.
10. Nilsson, J. P., Söderström, M., Karlsson, A. U., Lekander, M., Åkerstedt, T., & Lindroth, N. E. (2005). Less effective executive functioning after one night’s sleep deprivation. Journal of Sleep Research, 14(1), 1–6.
11. Schnyer, D. M., Zeithamova, D., & Williams, V. (2009). Decision￾making under conditions of sleep deprivation: Cognitive and neural consequences. Military Psychology, 21(Suppl. 1), S81–S97.
12. Wimmer, F., Bonato, R. A., Hoffmann, R. F., & Moffitt, A. R. (1992). Functional brain imaging of sleep deprivation using [18F]
    Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG PET). Journal of Sleep Research, 1(4), 223–230.
13. Williamson, A. M., & Feyer, A. M. (2000). Moderate sleep deprivation produces impairments in cognitive and motor performance equivalent to legally prescribed levels of alcohol intoxication. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 57(10), 649–655.
14. Hafner, M., Romanelli, R. J., Yerushalmi, E., & Troxel, W. M. (2023). The societal and economic burden of insomnia in adults: An international study. RAND Corporation. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA2166-1.html.
15. World Sleep Society. (2021). World Sleep Day talking points. Retrieved December 10, 2024, from https://worldsleepday.org/usetoolkit/talking￾points.com.
16. Hamilton, N. A., Gallagher, M. W., Preacher, K. J., Stevens, N., Nelson, C. A., Karlson, C., & McCurdy, D. (2007). Insomnia and well-being. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(6), 939–946.
17. American College of Cardiology. (2023, February 22). Getting good sleep could add years to your life. American College of Cardiology. Retrieved January 10, 2024, from https://www.acc.org/About-ACC/Press-Releases/2023/02/22/21/35/Getting-Good-Sleep-Could-Add-Years-to-Your-Life.
18. Carskadon, M. A., & Dement, W. C. (2005). Normal human sleep: an overview. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 4(1), 13–23.
19. Patel, A. K., Reddy, V., Shumway, K. R., and Araujo, J. F. (2024). Physiology, sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
20. Carskadon, M. A., & Dement, W. C. (2005). Normal human sleep: an overview. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 4(1), 13–23.
21. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
22. Patel, A. K., Reddy, V., Shumway, K. R., & Araujo, J. F. (2024). Physiology, sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
23. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
24. Walker, M. P. (2009). The role of sleep in cognition and emotion. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156(1), 168–197.
25. Patel, A. K., Reddy, V., Shumway, K. R., & Araujo, J. F. (2024). Physiology, sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
26. Neurolaunch (Eds). August 26, 2024. Deep Sleep and Growth Hormone Release in Children: A Crucial Connection. Accessed November 11,
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27. Patel, A. K., Reddy, V., Shumway, K. R., & Araujo, J. F. (2024). Physiology, sleep stages. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
28. Carskadon, M. A., & Dement, W. C. (2005). Normal human sleep: an overview. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, 4(1), 13–23.
29. UpToDate. (n.d.). Nocturia: Clinical presentation, evaluation, and management in adults. UpToDate. Retrieved January 14, 2025, from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nocturia-clinical-presentation-evaluation-and-management-in-adults.
30. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. N.d. About Sleep. Retrieved October 04, 2024 from https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about/index.html.
31. The Carousel. (December 20, 2004.). 11 most surprising famous people who loved to nap. Retrieved January 14, 2025, from https://thecarousel.com/health/11-most-surprising-famous-people-who-loved-to-nap/.
32. Ohayon, M., Wickwire, E. M., Hirshkowitz, M., Albert, S. M., Avidan, A., Daly, F. J., … & Vitiello, M. V. (2017). National Sleep Foundation’s sleep quality recommendations: first report. Sleep Health, 3(1), 6–19.
33. Windred, D. P., Burns, A. C., Lane, J. M., Saxena, R., Rutter, M. K., Cain, S. W., & Phillips, A. J. K. (2024). Sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of mortality risk than sleep duration: A prospective cohort study. Sleep, 47(1), Article zsad253.
34. Windred, D. P., Burns, A. C., Lane, J. M., Saxena, R., Rutter, M. K., Cain, S. W., & Phillips, A. J. K. (2024). Sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of mortality risk than sleep duration: A prospective cohort study. Sleep, 47(1), Article zsad253.
35. Heid, M. (May 19, 2023). Everyday Health. Jet lag: A guide. Retrieved January 14, 2025, from https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep/jet-lag/guide/.
36. Heid, M. (August 27, 2014). What’s the best time to sleep? Time. Retrieved December 12, 2024, from https://time.com/3183183/best-time-to-sleep/.
37. Nikbakhtian, S., Reed, A. B., Obika, B. D., Morelli, D., Cunningham, A. C., Aral, M., & Plans, D. (2021). Accelerometer-derived sleep onset timing and cardiovascular disease incidence: a UK Biobank cohort study. European Heart Journal-Digital Health, 2(4), 658–666.
38. Bastien, C. H., Vallières, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2(4), 297–307.
39. Buysse, D. J., Reynolds III, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213.
40. Johns, M. W. (1991). A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep, 14(6), 540–545.
41. Chung, F., Yegneswaran, B., Liao, P., Chung, S. A., Vairavanathan, S., Islam, S., Khajehdehi, A., & Shapiro, C. M. (2008). STOP questionnaire: A tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology, 108(5), 812–821.
42. National Sleep Foundation April 12, 2024. What is Sleep Quality? Accessed October 10, 2024 from https://www.thensf.org/what-is-sleep-quality/.
43. Bastien, C. H., Vallières, A., & Morin, C. M. (2001). Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Medicine, 2(4), 297–307.
44. Johns, M. W. (1991). A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep, 14(6), 540–545.
45. Buysse, D. J., Reynolds III, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213.
46. Chung, F., Yegneswaran, B., Liao, P., Chung, S. A., Vairavanathan, S., Islam, S., Khajehdehi, A., & Shapiro, C. M. (2008). STOP questionnaire: A tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology, 108(5), 812–821.
47. CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 2013–2022. Percentage of adults not getting enough sleep, adjusted for age. Retrieved September 6, 2024, https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/about/index.html.
48. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR). https://aasm.org/clinical-resources/international-classification-sleep-disorders.

Chapter 3

1. Naska, A., Oikonomou, E., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., & Trichopoulos, D. (2007). Siesta in healthy adults and coronary mortality in the general population. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167(3), 296–301.
2. Loomis, A. L., Harvey, E. N., & Hobart, G. A. (1937). Cerebral states during sleep, as studied by human brain potentials. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21(2), 127.
3. Burwell, C. S., Robin, E. D., Whaley, R. D., and Bickelmann, A. G. (1956). Extreme obesity associated with alveolar hypoventilation; a Pickwickian syndrome. American Journal of Medicine, 21(5), 811–818.
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Chapter 4

1. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
2. Chattu, V. K., Manzar, M. D., Kumary, S., Burman, D., Spence, D. W., & Pandi-Perumal, S. R. (2018, December). The global problem of insufficient sleep and its serious public health implications. Healthcare, 7(1), 1.
3. Janszky, I., and Ljung, R. (2008). Shifts to and from daylight saving time and incidence of myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(18), 1966–1968.
4. Fritz, J., VoPham, T., Wright, K. P., & Vetter, C. (2020). A chronobiological
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5. Janszky, I., & Ljung, R. (2008). Shifts to and from daylight saving time and incidence of myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(18), 1966–1968.
6. Walker, M. P. (2008). Cognitive consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Medicine, 9, S29–S34.
7. Eugene, A. R., & Masiak, J. (2015). The neuroprotective aspects of sleep. MEDtube Science, 3(1), 35.
8. Krause, A. J., Simon, E. B., Mander, B. A., Greer, S. M., Saletin, J. M., Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., & Walker, M. P. (2017). The sleep-deprived human brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(7), 404–418.
9. The Migraine Trust. 2021. Migraine and Sleep. Accessed November 07, 2024 via https://migrainetrust.org/live-with-migraine/self-management/migraine-and-sleep/.
10. Morin, C. M., & Jarrin, D. C. (2022). Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, course, risk factors, and public health burden. Sleep Medicine Clinics, 17(2), 173–191.
11. Eugene, A. R., & Masiak, J. (2015). The neuroprotective aspects of sleep. MEDtube Science, 3(1), 35.
12. Krause, A. J., Simon, E. B., Mander, B. A., Greer, S. M., Saletin, J. M., Goldstein-Piekarski, A. N., & Walker, M. P. (2017). The sleep-deprived human brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 18(7), 404–418.
13. Morin, C. M., & Jarrin, D. C. (2022). Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, course, risk factors, and public health burden. Sleep Medicine Clinics, 17(2), 173–191.
14. Walker, M. P. (2008). Cognitive consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Medicine, 9, S29–S34.
15. Walker, M. P. (2009). The role of sleep in cognition and emotion. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156(1), 168–197.
16. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
17. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. (2022, March 24). Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency. Retrieved September 6, 2024, https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-deprivation.
18. Chattu, V. K., Manzar, M. D., Kumary, S., Burman, D., Spence, D. W., & Pandi-Perumal, S. R. (2018, December). The global problem of insufficient sleep and its serious public health implications. Healthcare (Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 1). MDPI.
19. The Migraine Trust. 2021. Migraine and Sleep. Accessed November 07, 2024 via https://migrainetrust.org/live-with-migraine/self-management/migraine-and-sleep/.
20. Chen, J., Chen, N., Huang, T., Huang, N., Zhuang, Z., & Liang, H. (2022). Sleep pattern, healthy lifestyle and colorectal cancer incidence. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 18317.
21. McKeown, P. (2021). The Breathing Cure: Exercises to Develop New Breathing Habits for a Healthier, Happier and Longer Life. OxyAT Books.
22. Medic, G., Wille, M., & Hemels, M. E. (2017). Short-and long-term health consequences of sleep disruption. Nature and Science of Sleep, 151–161.
23. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. (2022, March 24). Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency. Retrieved September 6, 2024, https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-deprivation.
24. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
25. Walker, M. P. (2008). Cognitive consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Medicine, 9, S29–S34.
26. Walker, M. P. (2009). The role of sleep in cognition and emotion. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1156(1), 168–197.
27. Mayo Clinic. (January 11, 2023). High blood cholesterol: Diagnosis and treatment. Retrieved January 15, 2025, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806.
28. Xie, L., Kang, H., Xu, Q., Chen, M. J., Liao, Y., Thiyagarajan, M., O’Donnell, J., Christensen, D. J., Nicholson, C., Iliff, J. J., Takano, T., Deane, R., & Nedergaard, M. (2013). Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain. Science, 342(6156), 373–377.
29. Eugene, A. R., & Masiak, J. (2015). The neuroprotective aspects of sleep. MEDtube Science, 3(1), 35.
30. Gallagher, G. (October 17, 2013). BBC News. Sleep “cleans” the brain of toxins. BBC News. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-24567412.
31. Eugene, A. R., & Masiak, J. (2015). The neuroprotective aspects of sleep. MEDtube Science, 3(1), 35.
32. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
33. Walker, M. P. (2018). Why We Sleep: The New Science of Sleep and Dreams. Penguin Books.
34. Greer, S. M., Goldstein, A. N., & Walker, M. P. (2013). The impact of sleep deprivation on food desire in the human brain. Nature Communications, 4, 2259.
35. Spaeth, A. M., Dinges, D. F., & Goel, N. (2013). Effects of experimental sleep restriction on weight gain, caloric intake, and meal timing in healthy adults. Sleep, 36(7), 981–990.
36. Buxton, O. M., & Marcelli, E. (2010). Short and long sleep are positively associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 71(5), 1027–1036.
37. Cappuccio, F. P., Taggart, F. M., Kandala, N. B., Currie, A., Peile, E., Stranges, S., & Miller, M. A. (2008). Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults. Sleep, 31(5), 619–626.
38. Patel, S. R., Malhotra, A., White, D. P., Gottlieb, D. J., & Hu, F. B. (2006). Association between reduced sleep and weight gain in women. American Journal of Epidemiology, 164(10), 947–954.
39. Taheri, S., Lin, L., Austin, D., Young, T., & Mignot, E. (2004). Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index. PLoS Medicine, 1(3), e62.
40. Greer, S. M., Goldstein, A. N., & Walker, M. P. (2013). The impact of sleep deprivation on food desire in the human brain. Nature ommunications, 4, 2259.
41. Spaeth, A. M., Dinges, D. F., & Goel, N. (2013). Effects of experimental sleep restriction on weight gain, caloric intake, and meal timing in healthy adults. Sleep, 36(7), 981–990.
42. Van Cauter, E., Spiegel, K., Tasali, E., & Leproult, R. (2008). Metabolic consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Medicine, 9, S23–S28.
43. Greer, S. M., Goldstein, A. N., & Walker, M. P. (2013). The impact of sleep deprivation on food desire in the human brain. Nature Communications, 4, 2259.
44. Reutrakul, S., & Van Cauter, E. (2018). Sleep influences on obesity, insulin resistance, and risk of type 2 diabetes. Metabolism, 84, 56–66.
45. Watenpaugh, D. E. (2009). The role of sleep dysfunction in physical inactivity and its relationship to obesity. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 8(6), 331–338.
46. Kline, C. E., Hillman, C. H., Sheppard, B. B., Tennant, B., Conroy, D. E., Macko, R. F., … & Erickson, K. I. (2021). Physical activity and sleep: An updated umbrella review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee report. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 58, 101489.
47. Bertisch, S. M., Pollock, B. D., Mittleman, M. A., Buysse, D. J., Bazzano, L. A., Gottlieb, D. J., & Redline, S. (2018). Insomnia with objective short sleep duration and risk of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: Sleep Heart Health Study. Sleep, 41(6), zsy047.
48. Bertisch, S. M., Pollock, B. D., Mittleman, M. A., Buysse, D. J., Bazzano, L. A., Gottlieb, D. J., & Redline, S. (2018). Insomnia with objective short sleep duration and risk of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: Sleep Heart Health Study. Sleep, 41(6), zsy047.
49. Calhoun, D. A., & Harding, S. M. (2010). Sleep and hypertension. Chest, 138(2), 434–443.
50. Sleep Foundation. June, 27, 2024. Can a lack of sleep cause high blood pressure? Sleep Foundation. Retrieved October 17, 2024, from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/can-a-lack-of-sleep-cause-high-blood-pressure/.
51. Naska, A., Oikonomou, E., Trichopoulou, A., Psaltopoulou, T., & Trichopoulos, D. (2007). Siesta in healthy adults and coronary mortality in the general population. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167(3), 296–301.
52. National Sleep Foundation’s Sleep in America® Poll, March 9, 2023. Accessed from https://www.thensf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/2023-Sleep-in-America-Poll-report_FINAL.pdf.
53. Breslau, N., Roth, T., Rosenthal, L., & Andreski, P. (1996). Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biological Psychiatry, 39(6), 411–418.
54. Ejaz, S. M., Khawaja, I. S., Bhatia, S., & Hurwitz, T. D. (2011). Obstructive sleep apnea and depression: a review. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, 8(8), 17–25.
55. Garbarino, S., Bardwell, W. A., Guglielmi, O., Chiorri, C., Bonanni, E., & Magnavita, N. (2020). Association of anxiety and depression in obstructive sleep apnea patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 18(1), 35–57.
56. Morin, C. M., & Jarrin, D. C. (2022). Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, course, risk factors, and public health burden. Sleep Medicine Clinics, 17(2), 173–191.
57. Armitage, R. (2007). Sleep and circadian rhythms in mood disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 115, 104–115.
58. Hombali, A., Seow, E., Yuan, Q., Chang, S. H. S., Satghare, P., Kumar, S., & Subramaniam, M. (2019). Prevalence and correlates of sleep disorder symptoms in psychiatric disorders. Psychiatry Research, 279, 116–122.
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60. Banushi, B., Brendle, M., Ragnhildstveit, A., Murphy, T., Moore, C., Egberts, J., & Robison, R. (2023). Breathwork Interventions for Adults with Clinically Diagnosed Anxiety Disorders: A Scoping Review. Brain Sciences, 13(2), 256.
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Chapter 5

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    2021.

Chapter 7

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Chapter 10

1. Shultz, C.L., January 2, 2025. Don’t Die’s Bryan Johnson Shares His
   Most Impactful Anti-Aging Habit-and It’s Completely Free. Accessed
   January 30, 2025 via https://people.com/dont-die-bryan-johnson
   -eternal-life-blueprint-documentary-8768098.
2. The Matt Walker Podcast. Ask Me Anything #11: Falling Asleep,
   Staying Asleep, and False Awakenings. October 7, 2024.
3. American Psychiatric Association. March 2024. What are Sleep
   Disorders? Retrieved September 12, 2024 from https://www.psychiatry
   .org/patients-families/sleep-disorders/what-are-sleep-disorders.
4. Hafner, M., et al. March 16, 2023. The societal and economic burden
   of insomnia in adults. An international study. RAND. Retrieved
   September 12, 2024 from https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/
   RRA2166-1.html.
5. Young, T., Palta, M., Dempsey, J., Skatrud, J., Weber, S., & Badr, S.
   (1993). The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle￾aged adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 328(17), 1230–1235.
6. Maggard, M. D., Sankari, A., & Cascella, M. (2023). Upper airway
   resistance syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL:
   StatPearls Publishing. Available from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/
   NBK564402/.
7. del Campo Matías, F., Albi, T. R., & Sanz, C. Z. (2012). Upper Airway
   Resistance Syndrome–A Twenty-Five Years Experience. Sleep Disorders.
   Available from www.cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/32154/InTech-Upper
   _airway_resistance_syndrome_a_twenty_five_years_experience.pdf.
8. Young, T., Palta, M., Dempsey, J., Skatrud, J., Weber, S., & Badr, S.
   (1993). The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle￾aged adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 328(17), 1230–1235.
9. Peppard, P. E., Young, T., Barnet, J. H., Palta, M., Hagen, E. W., & Hla,
   K. M. (2013). Increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in
   adults. American Journal of Epidemiology, 177(9), 1006–1014.
10. Ling, V. (Oct 09, 2024) Sleep apnea statistics. National Council on
    Aging. Retrieved January 15, 2025, from https://www.ncoa.org/adviser/
    sleep/sleep-apnea-statistics/.
11. Benjafield, A. V., Ayas, N. T., Eastwood, P. R., Heinzer, R., Ip, M.
    S., Morrell, M. J., & Malhotra, A. (2019). Estimation of the global
    prevalence and burden of obstructive sleep apnoea: a literature-based
    analysis. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 7(8), 687–698.
12. Verbraecken, J. (n.d.). Classification of sleep disorders. British Sleep
    Society. Retrieved from https://www.sleepsociety.org.uk/wp-content/
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13. Zieliński, G., Pająk, A., & Wójcicki, M. (2024). Global prevalence of
    sleep bruxism and awake bruxism in pediatric and adult populations:
    a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine,
    13(14), 4259.
14. Sambale, J., Koehler, U., Conradt, R., Kesper, K., Cassel, W., Degerli,
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    obstructive sleep apnea only an oral health related problem? BMC Oral
    Health, 24(1), 565.

Chapter 10A

1. Morin, C. M., & Jarrin, D. C. (2022). Epidemiology of insomnia:
   prevalence, course, risk factors, and public health burden. Sleep
   Medicine Clinics, 17(2), 173–191.
2. Hafner, M., et al. March 16, 2023. The societal and economic burden
   of insomnia in adults. An international study. RAND. Retrieved
   September 12, 2024 from https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/
   RRA2166-1.html.
3. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2008). Insomnia. Retrieved
   September 12, 2024 from https://aasm.org/resources/factsheets/insomnia.pdf.
4. Riemann, D., Espie, C.A., Altena, E., et al. (2023) The European
   insomnia guideline: An update on the diagnosis and treatment of
   insomnia 2023. Journal of Sleep Research, 32(6), e14035
5. NICE June 2024. Insomnia: How common is it? Accessed October 22,
   2024 from https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/insomnia/background
   -information/prevalence/.
6. Luyster, F. S., Dunbar-Jacob, J., Aloia, M. S., & Buysse, D. J. (2021).
   Sleep apnea and insomnia: Comorbidities, consequences, and
   treatment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
   Health, 18(17), 9248.
7. Wilson, S., Anderson, K., Baldwin, D., et al. (2019) British Association
   for Psychopharmacology consensus statement on evidence-based
   treatment of insomnia, parasomnias and circadian rhythm disorders:
   An update. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 33(8), 923–947.
8. Jerath, R., Beveridge, C., & Barnes, V. A. (2019). Self-regulation
   of breathing as an adjunctive treatment of insomnia. Frontiers in
   Psychiatry, 9, 780.
9. Hauglund, N.L., Andersen, M., Tokarska, K., Radovanovic, T., Kjaerby, C., Sørensen, F.L., Bojarowska, Z., Untiet, V., Ballestero, S.B., Kolmos, M.G. and Weikop, P., 2025. Norepinephrine-mediated slow vasomotion
   drives glymphatic clearance during sleep. Cell.
10. Winter, W. C. (2017). The Sleep Solution: Why Your Sleep is Broken and How to Fix It. Berkley.
11. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0642861/.
12. Jerath, R., Beveridge, C., & Barnes, V. A. (2019). Self-regulation
    of breathing as an adjunctive treatment of insomnia. Frontiers in
    Psychiatry, 9, 780.
13. Jerath, R., Beveridge, C., & Barnes, V. A. (2019). Self-regulation of breathing as an adjunctive treatment of insomnia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 780.
14. Tsai, H. J., Kuo, T. B., Lee, G. S., & Yang, C. C. (2015). Efficacy of paced
    breathing for insomnia: enhances vagal activity and improves sleep
    quality. Psychophysiology, 52(3), 388–396.
15. Zaccaro, A., Piarulli, A., Laurino, M., Garbella, E., Menicucci, D., Neri,
    B., & Gemignani, A. (2018). How breath-control can change your life: a
    systematic review on psycho-physiological correlates of slow breathing. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 353.
16. Jerath, R., Beveridge, C., & Barnes, V. A. (2019). Self-regulation
    of breathing as an adjunctive treatment of insomnia. Frontiers in
    Psychiatry, 9, 780.
17. Grandner, M. A., & Malhotra, A. (2017). Connecting insomnia, sleep
    apnoea and depression. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.), 22(7), 1249–1250.
18. Tsai, H. J., et al. “Efficacy of paced breathing for insomnia: enhances
    vagal activity and improves sleep quality.” Psychophysiology, 52.3
    (2015): 388–396.

Chapter 10B

1. https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/67591-loudest
   -snoring.
2. Bakola E., Tsiou C., Bakolas G., Zacharias G. A., Ziavras D., &
   Parlapani E. (2020).Investigation of the relationship between sleep
   disorders and xerostomia. Clinical Oral Investigations, 24(1), 67–75.
3. Boze Bell, B. August 29, 2011. Killed for Snoring? True West Magazine.
   www://truewestmagazine.com/article/shot-for-snoring/.
4. Young, T., Palta, M., Dempsey, J., Skatrud, J., Weber, S., & Badr, S.
   (1993). The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle￾aged adults. New England Journal of Medicine, 328(17), 1230–1235.
5. Yaremchuk K. (2020). Why and When to Treat Snoring.
   Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 53(3), 351–365.
   

Chapter 10C

1. Guilleminault, C., & De Los Reyes, V. (2011). Upper-airway resistance
   syndrome. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 98, 401–409.
2. Maggard, M. D., Sankari, A., & Cascella, M. (2023). Upper airway
   resistance syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
   https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564402/.
3. Guilleminault, C., & Chowdhuri, S. (2000). Upper airway resistance
   syndrome is a distinct syndrome. American Journal of Respiratory and
   Critical Care Medicine, 161(5), 1412–1413.
4. Guilleminault, C., & Chowdhuri, S. (2000). Upper airway resistance
   syndrome is a distinct syndrome. American Journal of Respiratory and
   Critical Care Medicine, 161(5), 1412–1413.
5. Maggard, M. D., Sankari, A., & Cascella, M. (2023). Upper airway
   resistance syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
   https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564402/.
6. del Campo Matías, F., Albi, T. R., & Sanz, C. Z. (2012). Upper Airway
   Resistance Syndrome–A Twenty-Five Years Experience. Sleep Disorders.
   Available from www.cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/32154/InTech-Upper_
   airway_resistance_syndrome_a_twenty_five_years_experience.pdf.
7. Guilleminault, C., & Chowdhuri, S. (2000). Upper airway resistance
   syndrome is a distinct syndrome. American Journal of Respiratory and
   Critical Care Medicine, 161(5), 1412–1413.
8. Maggard, M. D., Sankari, A., & Cascella, M. (2023). Upper airway
   resistance syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing.
   https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564402/.
   

Chapter 10D

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   genioglossal electromyogram in sleep apnea patients versus normal
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   of central nervous system to body metabolism in vertebrates: its
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   Chap. 31). Lippincott-Raven. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/
   NBK20413/
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   analysis. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 7(8), 687–698.
5. Young, T., Evans, L., Finn, L., & Palta, M. (1997). Estimation of the
   clinically diagnosed proportion of sleep apnea syndrome in middle￾aged men and women. Sleep, 20(9), 705–706.
6. American Psychiatric Association. March 2024. What are Sleep
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7. McKeown, P. (2021). The Breathing Cure: Exercises to Develop New
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9. Simou, E., Britton, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2018). Alcohol and the risk of
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10. Suni, E., & Rehman, A. January 2, 2024. Sleep Foundation. The
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16. Yaffe, K., Laffan, A. M., Harrison, S. L., Redline, S., Spira, A. P., Ensrud,
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    risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in older women.
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17. Garbarino, S., Bardwell, W. A., Guglielmi, O., Chiorri, C., Bonanni,
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18. Baldwin, Carol M., et al., “The association of sleep-disordered
    breathing and sleep symptoms with quality of life in the Sleep Heart
    Health Study.” Sleep, 24.1 (2001): 96–105.
19. Mansukhani, M. P., Wang, S., & Somers, V. K. (2015). Sleep, death,
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20. Young, T., Finn, L., Peppard, P. E., Szklo-Coxe, M., Austin, D., Nieto,
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    eighteen-year follow-up of the Wisconsin sleep cohort. Sleep, 31(8),
    1071–1078.
21. Lechat, B., Naik, G., Reynolds, A. C., Dorrian, J., Baumert, M.,
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    and diagnostic misclassification of obstructive sleep apnea. American
    Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 205(5), 563–569.
22. Soori, R., Baikunje, N., D’sa, I., Bhushan, N., Nagabhushana, B., &
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    obstructive sleep apnoea. Sleep Science, 15(S 01), 285–288.
23. Eckert, D. J., White, D. P., Jordan, A. S., Malhotra, A., & Wellman,
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24. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
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25. Koka, V., De Vito, A., Roisman, G., Petitjean, M., Filograna Pignatelli,
    G. R., Padovani, D., & Randerath, W. (2021). Orofacial myofunctional
    therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a pathophysiological
    perspective. Medicina, 57(4), 323.
26. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
    implications for dental sleep medicine. J Dent Sleep Med, 6(2), 1–12.
27. Deacon, N. L., Jen, R., Li, Y., & Malhotra, A. (2016). Treatment of
    obstructive sleep apnea. Prospects for personalized combined modality
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28. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
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29. Jordan, A. S., McSharry, D. G., & Malhotra, A. (2014). Adult
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30. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
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31. Grandner, M. A., & Malhotra, A. (2017). Connecting insomnia, sleep
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32. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
    implications for dental sleep medicine. J Dent Sleep Med, 6(2), 1–12.
33. Malhotra, A., & Jordan, A. (2016). The importance of arousal in
    obstructive sleep apnea—updates from the American Thoracic Society
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34. Malhotra, A., & Jordan, A. (2016). The importance of arousal in
    obstructive sleep apnea—updates from the American Thoracic Society
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35. Koka, V., De Vito, A., Roisman, G., Petitjean, M., Filograna Pignatelli,
    G. R., Padovani, D., & Randerath, W. (2021). Orofacial myofunctional
    therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a pathophysiological
    perspective. Medicina, 57(4), 323.
36. Deacon, N. L., Jen, R., Li, Y., & Malhotra, A. (2016). Treatment of
    obstructive sleep apnea. Prospects for personalized combined modality
    therapy. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 13(1), 101–108.
37. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
    implications for dental sleep medicine. J Dent Sleep Med, 6(2), 1–12.
38. Koka, V., De Vito, A., Roisman, G., Petitjean, M., Filograna Pignatelli,
    G. R., Padovani, D., & Randerath, W. (2021). Orofacial myofunctional
    therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a pathophysiological
    perspective. Medicina, 57(4), 323.
39. Messineo, L., Taranto‐Montemurro, L., Azarbarzin, A., Oliveira
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40. Eckert, D. J., White, D. P., Jordan, A. S., Malhotra, A., & Wellman,
    A. (2013). Defining phenotypic causes of obstructive sleep apnea.
    Identification of novel therapeutic targets. American Journal of
    Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,188(8), 996–1004.
41. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
    implications for dental sleep medicine. J Dent Sleep Med, 6(2), 1–12.
42. Lai, V., Carberry, J. C., & Eckert, D. J. (2019). Sleep apnea phenotyping:
    implications for dental sleep medicine. J Dent Sleep Med, 6(2), 1–12.
43. Koka, V., De Vito, A., Roisman, G., Petitjean, M., Filograna Pignatelli,
    G. R., Padovani, D., & Randerath, W. (2021). Orofacial myofunctional
    therapy in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a pathophysiological
    perspective. Medicina, 57(4), 323.
44. Camacho, M., Certal, V., Abdullatif, J., Zaghi, S., Ruoff, C. M., Capasso,
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47. Eckert, D. J., White, D. P., Jordan, A. S., Malhotra, A., & Wellman,
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60. Zhang, C., Shen, Y., Liping, F., Ma, J., & Wang, G. F. (2021). The role
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Chapter 11

1. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. N.d. About Sleep.
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